- Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi
- Abraham Zacut
- Abu-l-Wafa
- Al-Bitruyi
- Albatenius [Al-Battani]
- Alexis Bouvard
- Alexis Clairaut
- Alvan Graham Clark
- Anders Johan Lexell
- André Danjon
- André Lallemand
- Antoine Darquier de Pellepoix
- Antonie Pannekoek
- Antonio de Marchena
- Antonio Pacinotti
- Antonio Romañá
- Antony Hewish
- Arato
- Aristarco Belopolsky
- Aristarco de Samos
- Arístilo de Alejandría
- Arthur Stanley Eddington
- Arthur Von Auwers
- Aryabhata
- August Ferdinand Möbius
- Bart Jan Bok
- Benjamin Peirce
- Bernard Alfred Charles Lovell
- Bernard Lyot
- Bertil Lindblad
- Calipo
- Carl Gustav Witt
- Carl Ludwig Harding
- Carl Sagan
- Charles Augustus Young
- Charles Dillon Perrine
- Charles Eugène Delaunay
- Charles Greeley Abbot
- Charles Messier
- Charles Sanders Peirce
- Charles Wolf
- Christiaan Huygens
- Christoph Scheiner
- Claudio Tolomeo
- Cleveland Abbe
- Clyde William Tombaugh
- Conón de Samos
- Daniel Kirkwood
- David Gregory
- Don Abraham
- Édouard Roche
- Edward Charles Pickering
- Edward Emerson Barnard
- Edwin Hubble
- Ernest Mouchez
- Ernest William Brown
- Ernst Tempel
- Eudoxo de Cnidos
- Forest Ray Moulton
- Francis Baily
- Frank Schlesinger
- Fred Whipple
- Friedrich Argelander
- Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster
- Georg Samuel Dörfel
- Georg von Peuerbach
- George Biddell Airy
- George Ellery Hale
- George Howard Darwin
- George Phillips Bond
- Georges Rayet
- Georges-Auguste Escoffier
- Gerard Kuiper
- Gian Domenico Cassini
- Giovan Battista Riccioli
- Giovanni Battista Amici
- Giovanni Battista Donati
- Giuseppe Armellini
- Guillaume Joseph Le Gentil
- Habas al-Hasib al-Marwazi
- Harlow Shapley
- Harold Spencer Jones
- Heber Doust Curtis
- Heinrich Olbers
- Heinrich Samuel Schwabe
- Hendrik Van de Hulst
- Henry Draper
- Henry Gellibrand
- Heráclides Póntico
- Herbert Hall Turner
- Hermann Karl Vogel
- Hevelius [Johannes Havelke]
- Hiparco de Nicea
- Ibn al-Haytam al-Hazin
- Isaac Roberts
- Jacobus Kapteyn
- Jacques Cassini
- James Bradley
- James Edward Keeler
- James Gregory
- James Hopwood Jeans
- Jan Hendrik Oort
- Jean Henri Lambert
- Jean Picard
- Jean-Baptiste Joseph Delambre
- Jean-Charles de Borda
- Jean-Louis Pons
- Jean-Sylvain Bailly
- Jeremiah Horrocks
- Johann Bayer
- Johann Elert Bode
- Johann Schöner
- Johannes Kepler
- John Couch Adams
- John Dunstable
- John Flamsteed
- John Franklin-Adams
- John Goodricke
- John Ludwig Emil Dreyer
- José Comas Solá
- José Joaquín Landerer
- José Mendoza y Ríos
- Joseph Jérôme de Lalande
- Joseph Vallot
- Karl Hjalmar Branting
- Lewis Boss
- Lewis Swift
- Louis Godin
- Luis Rodés
- Lyman Spitzer
- Maarten Schmidt
- Martin Ryle
- Max Wolf
- Meghmad Saha
- Mentore Maggini
- Metón
- Michael Mästlin
- Milton La Salle Humason
- Nicolás de Oresme
- Nicolas Louis de la Caille
- Norman Robert Pogson
- Olaüs Römer
- Otto Struve
- Paul Henry
- Percival Lowell
- Peter Van de Kamp
- Peter von Bienewitz Apianus
- Pierre Bouguer
- Pierre Mechain
- Rheticus
- Ricardo Cirera
- Richard Antony Proctor
- Richard Christopher Carrington
- Richard Martin West
- Robert Fitzroy
- Robert Grant Aitken
- Robert Trumpler
- Rudolf Wolf
- Rudolph Leo Minkowski
- Rupert Wildt
- Samuel Pierpont Langley
- Seleuco
- Seth Barnes Nicholson
- Seth Carl Chandler
- Seth Kolwitz Calvisius
- Sexto Empírico
- Sherburne Wesley Burnham
- Simon Newcomb
- Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer
- Sir William de Wiveleslie Abney
- Solon Irving Bailey
- Sosígenes de Alejandría
- Theodor Bredichin
- Theodor Brorsen
- Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin
- Thomas Gold
- Thomas Jefferson Jackson See
- Timocaris
- Titius
- Tycho Brahe
- Urbain Le Verrier
- Vesto Melvin Slipher
- Victor Puiseux
- Walter Baade
- Walter Sydney Adams
- Warren De La Rue
- Wilhelm von Biela
- Willem de Sitter
- William Cranch Bond
- William Henry Pickering
- William Herschel
- William Huggins
- William Lassell
- William Parsons
- William Parsons de Rosse
- William Rowan Hamilton
- William Wallace Campbell
- William Wilson Morgan